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MarioWiki:Japanese: Difference between revisions
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*Romanizations should be lowercase, except for titles ([[#Capitalization|see below]]). Particles should always be lowercase. | *Romanizations should be lowercase, except for titles ([[#Capitalization|see below]]). Particles should always be lowercase. | ||
*Do not romanize [[wikipedia:Katakana|katakana]] in all caps. | *Do not romanize [[wikipedia:Katakana|katakana]] in all caps. | ||
*In addition to romanization, [[wikipedia:Kanji|kanji]] can be phonetically rendered using <code><nowiki>{{ | *In addition to romanization, [[wikipedia:Kanji|kanji]] can be phonetically rendered using <code><nowiki>{{ruby|KANJI|HIRAGANA}}</nowiki></code> (insert the kanji and [[wikipedia:Hiragana|hiragana]] where indicated; do not use katakana for this purpose, unless it is used as furigana in the source). This appears as: {{ruby|KANJI|HIRAGANA}} (or, in practice, {{ruby|漢字|かんじ}}, ''kanji''). | ||
*Subtitles are separated from the main title with a colon (:). | *Subtitles are separated from the main title with a colon (:). | ||
*Do not italicize Japanese script to indicate titles, and instead of quotation marks, use 「 and 」. | *Do not italicize Japanese script to indicate titles, and instead of quotation marks, use 「 and 」. | ||
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====Exceptions to using macrons==== | ====Exceptions to using macrons==== | ||
Both exceptions apply to words with long ''e'' and ''i'' sounds that originate in Japanese, rather than loanwords which use the regular macrons; usually, this means that when a word is written in hiragana or kanji, the long えい sound should be ''ei'' and long いい as ''ii'', while katakana usually uses the macrons. E.g. {{ | Both exceptions apply to words with long ''e'' and ''i'' sounds that originate in Japanese, rather than loanwords which use the regular macrons; usually, this means that when a word is written in hiragana or kanji, the long えい sound should be ''ei'' and long いい as ''ii'', while katakana usually uses the macrons. E.g. {{ruby|黄色|きいろ}} is romanized as ''kiiro'', but ルイージ is romanized as ''Ruīji''. | ||
Be careful to distinguish between cases like {{ | Be careful to distinguish between cases like {{ruby|問|と}}う and {{ruby|糖|とう}}. The former should be ''tou'', while the latter should be ''tō''. This is due to the fact that what looks like a long vowel in 問う is actually separated over two different morphemes, and so is pronounced as two distinct vowels ("to-u") rather than a single long one. | ||
Some romanization systems or informal shorthands simply double all the elongated vowels to avoid using macrons, but this should not be done on the wiki except for the aforementioned ''ii'' cases. Elongated ''o'' sounds are sometimes rendered as ''ou'', similar to the ''ei'' situation above, but this should be avoided on the wiki as it causes confusion with the two-syllable ''ou'' situations outlined above. | Some romanization systems or informal shorthands simply double all the elongated vowels to avoid using macrons, but this should not be done on the wiki except for the aforementioned ''ii'' cases. Elongated ''o'' sounds are sometimes rendered as ''ou'', similar to the ''ei'' situation above, but this should be avoided on the wiki as it causes confusion with the two-syllable ''ou'' situations outlined above. | ||
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ん and ン should be romanized ''n'' in most circumstances (and not ''m'', as in some other romanization systems). "N" is the only consonant that can occur without being followed by a vowel. | ん and ン should be romanized ''n'' in most circumstances (and not ''m'', as in some other romanization systems). "N" is the only consonant that can occur without being followed by a vowel. | ||
*{{ | *{{ruby|日本|にほん}} → ''nihon'' | ||
*こんな → ''konna'' | *こんな → ''konna'' | ||
*アンナ → ''anna'' | *アンナ → ''anna'' | ||
When ん or ン is immediately followed by one of the あ‐ or や-row kana (vowels and ''y-''), it should instead be <i>n'</i>, to distinguish it from the な‐row kana (''n-'') and indicate a syllabic break when spoken. E.g. {{ | When ん or ン is immediately followed by one of the あ‐ or や-row kana (vowels and ''y-''), it should instead be <i>n'</i>, to distinguish it from the な‐row kana (''n-'') and indicate a syllabic break when spoken. E.g. {{ruby|禁煙|きんえん}} is written as ''kin'en'' and pronounced "kin-en", as opposed to {{ruby|祈念|きねん}} simply being romanized as ''kinen'' and pronounced "ki-nen". | ||
===Small っ and ッ=== | ===Small っ and ッ=== | ||
When a small っ or ッ kana is followed by a consonant, it should be represented by doubling that consonant. This indicates that there is a slight pause before the following consonant sound when the word is spoken aloud. In cases where the consonant sound is a digraph in English (namely "sh" and "ts"), only the first letter is doubled (see third example below), except "ch", which is preceded by a "t" (see fourth example below). | When a small っ or ッ kana is followed by a consonant, it should be represented by doubling that consonant. This indicates that there is a slight pause before the following consonant sound when the word is spoken aloud. In cases where the consonant sound is a digraph in English (namely "sh" and "ts"), only the first letter is doubled (see third example below), except "ch", which is preceded by a "t" (see fourth example below). | ||
*{{ | *{{ruby|閣下|かっか}} → ''kakka'' | ||
*クッパ → ''Kuppa'' | *クッパ → ''Kuppa'' | ||
*いっしょ → ''issho'' | *いっしょ → ''issho'' | ||
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===Honorifics=== | ===Honorifics=== | ||
While titles such as "Mr.", "Princess" or "Dr." come before someone's name in English, with [[wikipedia:Japanese honorifics|Japanese honorifics]], the titles come after the name as suffixes, and are attached with a dash (-). Common honorifics include さん ''-san'', {{ | While titles such as "Mr.", "Princess" or "Dr." come before someone's name in English, with [[wikipedia:Japanese honorifics|Japanese honorifics]], the titles come after the name as suffixes, and are attached with a dash (-). Common honorifics include さん ''-san'', {{ruby|君|くん}} ''-kun'', ちゃん ''-chan'' and {{ruby|様|さま}} ''-sama'', while occupation-related titles frequently occurring in the ''Super Mario'' franchise include {{ruby|姫|ひめ}} ''-hime'' (princess), {{ruby|王子|おうじ}} ''-ōji'' (prince) and {{ruby|先生|せんせい}} ''-sensei'' (teacher/professor/doctor, among others). This latter set of honorifics can also be used as standalone titles, rather than just as suffixes, in which case they ''are'' capitalized (last example). | ||
*マリオくん → ''Mario-kun'' | *マリオくん → ''Mario-kun'' | ||
*ショコラ姫 → ''Shokora-hime'' | *ショコラ姫 → ''Shokora-hime'' | ||
*フランクリ{{ | *フランクリ{{ruby|先生|せんせい}} → ''Furankuri-sensei'' | ||
*{{ | *{{ruby|先生|せんせい}} → ''Sensei'' | ||
==Subjects with Japanese names== | ==Subjects with Japanese names== | ||
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Unlike regular romaji, the "title romanization" does not need to be italicized (unless it is a title of a game/movie/comic/etc., in which case it should be italicized anyway, as with English game/etc. titles). The proper romanization should still be provided (in italics) in the opening line of the article, while the "title romanization" is used whenever the name is used in the article and elsewhere on the wiki. Regular romanizations should always be used in {{tem|foreign names}}, with the loanwords being converted back to English only in the "meaning" column. | Unlike regular romaji, the "title romanization" does not need to be italicized (unless it is a title of a game/movie/comic/etc., in which case it should be italicized anyway, as with English game/etc. titles). The proper romanization should still be provided (in italics) in the opening line of the article, while the "title romanization" is used whenever the name is used in the article and elsewhere on the wiki. Regular romanizations should always be used in {{tem|foreign names}}, with the loanwords being converted back to English only in the "meaning" column. | ||
*スーパーマリオ {{ | *スーパーマリオ {{ruby|不思議|ふしぎ}}のころころパーティ | ||
**Normal romanization → ''Sūpā Mario Fushigi no Korokoro Pāti'' | **Normal romanization → ''Sūpā Mario Fushigi no Korokoro Pāti'' | ||
**Name romanization → ''[[Super Mario Fushigi no Korokoro Party]]'' | **Name romanization → ''[[Super Mario Fushigi no Korokoro Party]]'' | ||
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{{MarioWiki}} | {{MarioWiki}} | ||
{{Shortcut| | {{Shortcut|SMW:JAPANESE|SMW:JP}} | ||
[[Category:Writing guidelines]] | [[Category:Writing guidelines]] | ||